Corruption of Society Essay

First of all, technologie corrupts society be effort it does our thinking and increases health problems. According to a New York Times article, the average kid ages 8-18, spends over 7 ? hours a day using technology gadgets which increases the obesity rate, poor grades, impatience, violence and a loss of family interest. Also, jail cell phones and texting leads to texting and driving which is almost as worse as drinking and driving. You can hurt yourself or people around you go texting and driving.Are generation cant live without a cell phone, texting or sending emails and this leads to a lack of communication. When person can provided express their feeling in a text message or an email they are not learning how to communicate with others. Did you also chicane that technology not only affects our health but it affects our environment withal? For example, a normal computer chip takes 600 times its weight in fuel to produce? Bullying has a huge impact on our society Peer pressur e especially because you are forced to do things you dont want to, you get bad habits and it leads to loss of individual.When somebody is bullied mentally or physically they have depression, anxiety, loss of interest in activities, school and family, shame, fear and low self-esteem. All these side effects of strong-arm leads to suicide. According to the website DoSomething. org, Approximately 160,000 teens skip school all day because of bullying Media can also be a cause of corruption of society because if you look at magazines, ads or watch television, commercialised or news, beauty is often the subject.People and especially teenagers are influenced by Medias. All girls look at magazines or whatsoever and wishes to look exchangeable people on TV or magazines. Thin slim bodies, perfect tense face, etc. What teenagers dont realized is that those people are redact by computers from head to toe. Over 5 million Americans have eating disorders caused by false concept of beauty. Ano ther priming coat why Medias corrupts our society is because of money. In magazines and ads or television its all about buying things to have a better life

The Link Between Sanitation and Child Life Expectancy in India Critical Analysis

The expectations argon distinct, is a averment that Perri Klass makes in her essay entitled India(1986). This observation refers to the difference in small fry life expectancy between Klass home in sexual union America, and her received home in India, where she is practicing paediatric medicinal drug. In North America, every tyke is expected to surpass their p atomic number 18nts in life expectancy. Meanwhile, in India, the possibility that children leave al wiz die young is very real and happens much(prenominal) than necessary. In 1998 alone, most 2. 5 one thousand thousand children under 5 died in India (Bulletin of the World health Organization, 2000,).What makes this number even more astonishing is that almost all the deaths were preventable. The wish of sanitation leading to deadly water-borne disease in India is the main reckon contributing to these extremely high numbers. This essay will explore the fictional character that sanitation has in relation to child li fe expectancy in India. A base root to sanitation is human hygiene, particularly coming to clean water and toiletries. The cost to install a toilet in India is 200 USD (Agoramoorthey&Hsu, 2009). This, to an aver term Ameri gouge, does not seem like very ofttimes money at all.However, when you are a farmer working in rural India making an average of 150 to 225 USD per year (Agoramoorthy & Hsu, 2009), this is a frightful amount of money. This minimal income is barely enough to maintain basic endurance (food, shelter, and clothing), let alone buy a toilet. The government of India, at one time, contributed up to 80% of the cost of purchasing a toilet to drive sanitation, but now the subsidy offered is only 20% (Agoramoorthy & Hsu, 2009). An overall deficiency of funds is the main contributing reason that only 34% of Indian households pass water access to a toilet (Agoramoothy & Hsu, 2009).The other 66% of the creation is forced to defecate and urinate in public. The amount of pe ople that do not declare access to toilets in India is 638 million (UNICEF India, Water, surroundings and sanitation, 2011), which is more than 10 times the entire population of Canada (Stats Canada, 2010). The amount of public shitting in India poses massive health endangerment, peculiarly to the most vulnerable population, children, finished water contamination. The majority of Indian households do not even have access to running water. Water is mostly brought in to the homes from wells or unsanitary ponds, mainly by women.Proper storage of water is as well as a massive problem causing contamination, as most containers go intot even have handles. 67% of the residents of India do not treat their water, even though it most definitely is chemically or bacterially contaminated (UNICEF India, Water and environment and sanitation, 2011). As displayed in the below graph (Figure 1), the majority of the slum and rural parts of India rely on irrigate other than piped water for washi ng themselves and cleaning cooking supplies( Nath, 2003), leading to scupper contamination.Figure 1 Sources of Water for Washing according to Different nation Sectors in Calcutta India (Nath,2003) Sewage control is as well as quite poorly hold in India, hence becoming in time another water- related issue. With a total of about 4000 towns in India, only approximately 200 of them have partially covered sewage systems, resulting in poor drainage for do waters leading to frequent flooding of defecated in waters (Nath,2003). Monsoon age is often the worst for defecation contaminating the waters due to the gigantic amount of rainfall and resulting in overland runoff.Contaminated waters are common in India therefore the water is difficult to avoid especially for kids. Children inadvertently consume defecation in pond water as they are playing, resulting in illness. In the developing world 24,000 children under the age of 5 die every day from preventable diseases piddled by tinct of unclean water (water. org, 2011). That is almost a quarter of a million lives that could be saved alone by something as simple as clean water. 21% of all disease in India is water-related (UNICEF India, Water, environment and sanitation, 2011), and yet preventable.With the prevalence of water-related diseases in India, one would think the government would step in and vaccinate the children against rotavirus. Currently, children in India are not vaccinated against rotavirus, which is the leading cause of diarrheal illness. (UNICEF India, Water, environment and sanitation, 2011) A child here in Canada can get profligacy and be given over the counter medicine such as Pesto Bismal and be fine in couple hours or, at worst, be hospitalized for dehydration and be out the next day. In India, in 1996 there were a staggering 1600 deaths a day from diarrhoea, resulting from water contamination.Unicef India, Water, environment and sanitation, 2011). Something as preventable and treatable a s diarrhoea should not cause as many children to die as it does. Only 39% of children that get diarrhoea in India receive the recommended treatments (UNICEF/WHO, diarrhea Why children are still destruction(p) and what can be through with(p)? ). If these children had received proper treatment, or had a vaccination to prevent this in the first place they would most apparent still be alive. Aids was once thought to be the most targeted killer of children in developing countries, but now, a preventable and curable illness like diarrhoea has taken the lead.Diarrhoea now kills more young children than AIDS, malaria measles combined. (UNICEF/WHO, Diarrhoea Why children are still dying and what can be done, 2009) As illustrated below in Figure 2, cases of diarrhoea did appear to decline briefly from 1992-1993 only to rise quickly again by 1998 (Nath, 2003). Figure 2 Reported Data on Diarrhoea in India from 1989 to 1998 (Nath,2003) As noted in Klass essay (India, 1986) expectations are different in India and North America regarding child life expectancy. In North America what seemingly are simple things like clean water, and toilets, are rare in most parts of India.We, in America also expect the government to readily step in with immunization programs and backing if needed. In India there are immunization programs but they are not readily implemented. We expect our children to live longer and not die from preventable disease due to unsanitary conditions. In India, it is expected that children may premiss their parents in death, due to preventable illness caused by lack of sanitation. With millions of children dying yearly in India from sanitation related illness, maybe it is time something was done instead of just being said.

18th Century English Poetry Essay

Eighteenth century poetry consisted of sev sequencel types of literature including ode, elegy, epistle, rime tale, hymn, song b alonead and epigram. This period is frowned upon by critics who compargon the context of this era to that of another. They claim Eighteenth century poetry is considered frivolous because often generation the content lacked a true essence that poetry upheld for many centuries. possibly this is true, for the times of this period were changing and people were facing greater hardships in their daily lives.Melancholy plagued those who were greatly concerned with tender ills which may let off the presence of abstract and satiric themes that were heavily prevalent. Perspectives evolved from the Renaissance period into Neoclassicism where individuals became substitute and a greater emphasis on the straight forward mechanics of poetry existed ( Rowles). Although there were many artist noted among this genre of poetry, William Blake found himself as a simple y et outstanding writer who apply raillery, nave subjects, and traditional ballad structure to baffle the many readers to come( Norton p. 2264).William Blake wrote The chimney S yeller of Songs of Innocence in 1789. This poem is about young children who whose families were futile to worry for them financially, therefore sent to work in English mines during the eighteenth century. These boys were often sold to master sweepers and in turn were treated inhumanely ( Arp and Johnson p.117).Blake overlyk this harsh treatment of human life to reveal serous social criticism of his atomic number 63an society. Their headmans were shaved bare to prevent black earthenware jar from soiling their hair and often suffered from serious diseases. Now, one can go steady why Blakes work was frowned upon by aristocracies and often viewed as crazy as he strongly disapproved and openly dissented the social welfare programs in his country (Norton p.2268). There is no identifiable audience except for those that visualize the third line of the first stanza, weep weep weep weep in the routes of England. This is interpreted as a childs feat to sing Sweep Sweep, which was the chimney sweepers street cry.There are dickens ideas which evolve throughout the Chimney carpet sweeper. Depending on ones outlook, the first possibility is that Blake is stating no guinea pig how detrimental life becomes, no matter how bad the church (government/law) is one leave be with God afterwards death. Sadly children are celebrating the godliness of this concept. The idea is if these children continue to work hard, eventually life will strike in the peaceful heavens. This is revealed through a dream the little boy had when, an Angel who had a bright keyopened the coffins and set them all free. The last stanza completes this thought by stating, Though the morning was cold, Tom was apt and warm, so if all do their duty they need not business organization harm. The other possibility is a neg ative-toned belief that children are conned into accepting their lives as slaves for adults. Either way, these boys are mocked by their nave pass ons (Arp 117).Blakes use of dramatic irony is shining bright as he deliberately creates a cheerful sound for six stanzas trance simultaneously developing a drastically different meaning. Ironically, this poem shows that children succumb to a positive posture on life and do not fear death for they are too young to understand the realm of the situation.In the first two lines, Blake gives us an cypher of a child in a state of agony or even in a state of subversion as he is left all alone with no parents. However, after a night full of merry dreams the boy wakes up looking happy and warm. This leads the reader to believe life continues with no worries instead of finish the story with a boy whose future is bleak and laborious. Perhaps, although I doubt, Blake would impulse the reader to believe that anyone has the ability to be content with a humble life so long as his/her dreams fulfill that empty space.Blake uses the image of two disguises to represent the simplicity of this picture. The comment black which holds earthshaking importance as it is apply to represent death and corruption. Black is the color of the boys coffins in the little boys dream. The color black is also referenced to the soot which is filth that covers the boys as they discharge their daily chores. On the opposite end of the spectrum, the color white represents faithfulness and angelic-like spirit. The eighth line, Toms hair is white before his head is shaved. At this point, Tom is compared to feeble lamb, a symbol of the ultimate sacrificial animal, as he cries when his head becomes bare. And similar to biblical stories, Tom is bleak and white when the angels carry him off to heaven where God will be his father. Blake creates an allusion by giving the reader a peace of mind while using God as a symbol for safety and care (Norton p. 2 268).There is no discernible meter for the poem, the beats jump anyplace from eight to twelve, with no repetition or pattern found. The Chimney sweeper tone sounds very much like a nursery rhyme. correspondent to Rock-A-Bye-Baby, the sounds are sweet an innocent, and if you read the words, when the bow break, the cradle will fall the words are quite disturbing. Like the dramatic irony established in this poem, tone presents itself as two-dimensional, sounding soft but actually disheartening.Williams Blake writes an excellent poem in my opinion he used terms and ideas that we have studied in this course such as irony, symbolism and allusion. Although his language is simple rather than manipulating complicated words that Shakespeare prefers, I find his style easier to evaluate. Please do not get the falsely idea, by easy I mean a better understanding. grey-haired world writers are fascinating, but often times are too difficult to comprehend, much less interpret. Not only did I c ontract about 18th century poetry, I also gained knowledge of Europe social ills of the time.Woks CitedArp, Thomas, and Greg Johnson. Sound and Sense An introduction to Poetry. 10th Ed. Heinle & Heinle Boston, MA, 2002Hugo, Howard, and Patricia M. Spacks. Revolution and love story in Europe and America. The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces. Ed. Maynoard Mack. wise York City, NY W.W. Norton & Co. 1997. 2264 & 2268.Rowles, Kelly. Overview of 18th Century Poetry. New Jersey, 2004. Richard Stockton College of New Jersey. Aug. 2004

Ideology Affects The Way Literature Is Read English Literature Essay

Literature in Marxism is perceived as something which is pro bringly influenced by the civilization and ball club in which the generator is populating in. and so writings is seen as a merchandise from civilization which means that the writer is touched by the environment and the external elements environing him. In the same fashion maven proof contri saveor differs from the other because he or she is similarly stirred by the social milieus. Furthermore, Marxists, and subsequently on Structuralists, bank that because books is experient harmonizing to 1s attitude and rules of society, literature is ideologically impregnated by its societal regularisement . 1 Lois Althusser has played an of import function in the shaping of political penchant in literature with of import essays such as his 1970 essay authorize Reading Capital and another more of import essay in the field of political druthers entitled political penchant and Ideological kingdom Apparatuses ( 1970 ) . Others like Roland Bgraphicshes anyways helped specifying the function of political penchant when narration literature particularly with the outstanding essay entitled The Death of the Author, published in 1967.Early Marxists believed in the concept that literature is non simply merely a creative activity just now it is a production. The difference among the 2 is that by creating superstar is explicating something out of nil whilst on the other manus, by production , the creative person is bring forthing something out of other stuffs which is where the societal and political con school school text comes in. In Marxism there is an on-going dualism between the impression of the derriere and the impression of the superstructure. This dualism is understood in multiple ways by diverse critics such as Althusser. The superstructure, harmonizing to Marxism, is do up of those institutes which surround us as superstar of chemical group and indeed of pure contemplati on. On the contrary the base which is that which determines society is wholeness of economic dealingss. Harmonizing to Marxists it is the superstructure which in itself implicates art and therefore literature which enforces the ways of production. In ancestry to this, another discriminate of dualism is a contrast between imminency and the thought of committed literature. The thought that art is still for art s interest suggests that what is literary is in world cozy for the text and therefore it reinforces the thought that what is of import is what happens inside the text and non what fire be instantly seen on first glimpse. Therefore the literary is plant behind the written words, what is left unwritten by the writer and this mustinessiness be found out by the indicateer himself. The theory so moves on from one of superstructures to that of an political preference. Subsequently on Marxism unquestionable into Structuralism, in which the progression is favoured over the national itself which has been developed by theoreticians such as Louis Althusser and Pierre Macherey to reason against the experiential philosophical ways of theoreticians like Georg Lukas and Jean-Paul Sartre. 2 With Structuralism, the issues of the function of the authors comes into inquiry and the aesthetic creative activity is so seen as one which promises a better hereafter and therefore literature and art become something which underline the endowments of the creative person instead than something which divides pile and hitchs them against one another. It becomes a promise for a better hereafter. 3 Structuralists move off-key from the Hegelian problematic and on the other manus they move towards classify literature with other diverse activities which be productive. They refuse to split the real(a) off from mold in literature. Literature is now seen as on the one manus, a produced object and on the other manus as a consequence of the societal production and the defi nition of the existent becomes subordinate on the environment in which it was produced and this is where the impression of political taste comes in.Ideology has become a cardinal construct in Marxists theoreticians plants and unfavorable sound judgment about art and literature. Marxists see ideology more than merely the perspective of thoughts but they see it as an mentality of life. The Bourgeois political taste is regarded by Marxists as constructing and infusing establishments in society and in civilizations which besides include literature and polar signifiers of art. Ideology, peculiarly to Structuralists, becomes an imperative issue, particularly to the appearance in how one smoke speak about political orientation in a non-ideological way of life. At first Marxists see the word political orientation in a negative visible radiation due to the position that they associate the word with wrong soul . 4 Marxists see political orientation as a method employed by the possessive categories to forestall subsidiaries from gaining the true nature of things and alter them to their ain benefits. Therefore as a agency of concealing the truth and maintaining the governing power over the inferior categories from obtaining their rightful civil autonomies. But so in the 1960 s, Althusser changed the construct of political orientation being a sort of false consciousness with his essay Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses ( 1970 ) . In this essay Althusser argues that society must foremost be divided into antithetic ideological state setups instead than be viewed as a whole. He argues that instead than false consciousness, the political orientations vary harmonizing to each province setup. Althusser sees literature as being one of these province setups since literature does non show merely one sort of political orientation but it varies harmonizing to the text. He states that interpellation takes topographic tear down instead than societal consci ousness and this means that the human being is do up of the established constructions in society such as the locoweed media and literature in which the representations seen in it consist of the manifestations of mundane worlds. Therefore, political orientation, harmonizing to Althusser, is made up of both the existent and the fanciful since it is existent because it shows how people sincerely yours live their mundane life in conformity with society and its spheres but fanciful because it does non offer a full apprehension of the ways of how people atomic number 18 constituted in these societal worlds. 5 At the same powder magazine when people read a realist text they lowlife associate to it and when characters be portrayed as being free, the text will interpellate the readers to believe that they are free as good. Thus, realist unexampleds work in the same port as political orientation does by turn toing the readers and as a consequence doing them believe the ideological vision that they are portraying.Althusser discusses the interpellation of the topic in relation to political orientation. Harmonizing to Althusser, both the author and the reader are topics and therefore they both become ideological topics because both of them live ad lib . 6 The linguistic communication so has its ain function in the interpellation as to show the human being as unified, independent, subjectiveness. 7 Althusser uses the illustration of the authoritative pragmatism since it is a extremely popular genre in different countries of humanistic disciplines, in peculiar, in literature. Althusser uses this genre because in itself it is a topic which shows non merely the political orientation of the true representation of world in add-on the apprehension of the state of affairs of topic. 8 In the nineteenth century, the impression of the writer fostering off from the text he has written was going even more dominant, particularly in possible fiction. In the authoritative r ealist novels the truth is shown, but non told since the reader has the undertaking of occurrent it out for him or her ego. This tummy be seen in diverse novels in the genre such as those written by Defoe and Hardy. In these novels the reader is interpellated as the topic since he has the undertaking of make up ones minding and hazard out the truth, which in itself, is an ideological strain. Thus significances change consequently to a individual s political orientation. Belsey argues that classical pragmatism follows the same cyclic form in most novels. This includes a sort of upset which is encapsulated in a taradiddle of for illustration love or slaying. But at the terminal the narrative invariably reaches an stoping which the reader in some mien or the other expects and because order is restored. This can be found in novels such as Jane Eyre, where order is restored as Jane and Mr Rochester s look of love makes its full circle. This, harmonizing to Belsey, is non found i n history since it is narrated in an indifferent mode and there is no defined utterer, whilst in narrative the talker is defined as a topic and the reader relates to this voice. The narrative in fact unfolds through and through this interpellation between the reader and the writer and through this communicating the topics dispense the significances of the work through political orientation. Belsey besides argues that in classical pragmatism, the reader is in a manner delighting his ain egotism by placing and positioning himself in the function of the supporter. Belsey states that this interpellation between the reader and the writer is non merely done in the 3rd all-knowing register but besides in the first storyteller since the reader besides gets the opportunity to associate to the supporter in inquiry. But the 3rd narrative allow fors the reader to explicate the stoping of the narrative before it is written. Therefore the reader as a topic himself is in a place of subjecti veness and therefore in an ideological place. But at the same clip, to decline this place, is in itself an ideological pick. 9 Althusser negotiations about how a individual can non draw a complete indifferent read since it is really hard to keep down doing ordinatens and stems which may prejudice the instruction in m each ways. For that ground the reading is different from one individual to another and it is neer impersonal because it is affected by the societal milieus. Althusser besides argues that behind the text that one can see in a book or in any literary signifier which he calls explicit discourse there is eer the underlying, unobserved, silent discourse , which the writer is non cognizant of and so it is the undertaking of the reader to happen it out. 10 This silent discourse is thus the elements which affected the writer unconscious(p)ly in clip of composing the text. Hence Althusser proposes that when reading, one must abandon what the writer had intended for hi m or her to read and understand and instead acknowledge the implicit in silence which it conceals in itself. This system is called the symptomatic reading , in which by governing out the construction of the statement, one uncovers the ideological constructions of the text. Althusser argues that the writer s sentiment is non the lone one which can be given to the text because each reader has a different background with different signifiers of political orientations and each one of these may stupor the manner the novel is read. For illustration people may come from different civilizations with different traditions from those of the writer and as a effect the readings of the fresh conversion. Consequently, Althusser is against the thought of empiricist philosophy, which is to understand the novel or text by direct scrutiny. Empiricists besides believe that intending comes from experience instead than congenital traditions and thoughts which affect the manner the novel is read. Alt husser argues that the political orientation within every human being affects his manner of comprehending a novel or a work of art. Catherine Belsey, agrees with Althusser and provinces that political orientation is something indispensable which can non be discarded with a individual idea since it is steadfastly positioned inside every individual individual. She besides argues that political orientation is what makes concrete persons as topics 11 and therefore it affects us continuously.Althusser argues that significance is created by the reader instead than discovered and this is done through the apprehension of the unconscious of the writer at the clip of composing the novel and by the pattern which takes topographic point when reading the text 12 which sets to work, in a particular(prenominal) construction 13 . Althusser references four types of pattern which are the economic, political, ideological and theoretical. The ideological pattern takes up a novel or a text and gives it a whole new significance and this is done through the societal agencies which give it a new point of view and position. In Althusser, the ideological pattern refers to the diverse and composite ways in which a military man of art and literature s significance is modified harmonizing to the day-to-day actions of a peculiar individual. Therefore when one states that something is ideological , it involves in the inactive phoney of the misguided beliefs about the nature of societal world. Sometimes person takes a place which may look as incoherent and conflicting, but one must understand that it might hold non been seen in this manner when the place was taken because political orientation is rich in contradictions but which at the same clip, they underpin it and give it intending. 14 In the same manner Roland Barthes argues that Bourgeoisie composing can non be acquitted since one can non compose without zero prejudice in head. Barthes argues that all the written texts are in som e manner or another ideologically charged. He states that in authorship, the writer is in some manner or another, ideologically tinged since when one is composing, he or she already has an political orientation which is tranquil and which naturalises the attitudes of the dominant kin. Barthes agrees with Althusser by stating that the unruffled political orientation is a soundless mode of pass oning to the reader. He developed the thought that literature is non guiltless since it contains political orientation and hegemony because in the writer there is ever an ideological angle which affects what he writes or what he should nt compose. Barthes besides argues that the political orientation is linked with political relations and faith and the author makes usage of literature as a agency of bring forthing another thought. Literature after the Second World War had to be committed and one could non compose literature in a vacuity any longer. This is seen in George Orwell s Animal Farm ( 1945 ) which is non merely a fable but a manner of conveying to the populace an consciousness of the category war between the in-between categories and the dominant categories. In reacting to a text by reading it, the reader is naturalizing something which may non be natural and the power of the opinion category is exerted in a manner such as it naturalises itself. Literature is whence a series of codifications which have to be understood since literature is portion if a codification and the reader encodes literature in order to do it a societal event. This theory goes manus in manus and has been developed from Saussure s theory of the signified and the form which Barthes besides takes on to explicate how literature is made up.Roland Barthes s most influential essay in the field of literature is entitled Death of the Author ( 1968 ) whom he explained as the figure shaped by critical discourse in order to restrict the readings in the manner of reading a literary text. 15 This ess ay is perceived as revolutionist in the nature of revolution of the clip and it becomes a cardinal text which marks the alteration from Structuralism to Post-Structuralism. Barthes negotiations about and disagrees with the thought of the writer as a matinee idol since he creates the work out of nil, merely like God. He says that one can non let the writer to presume the function of God in literature but besides in art in general. Barthes is hence taking the function of the writer who imposes thoughts and beliefs on the reader and hence a bound to how the text is read. He believes in destabilizing the impression of the writer as the beginning of the text since the text exists independently off the writer and hence Barthes allows infinite for the reader. He argues that one time the writer is removed from the text the reader becomes the critic and hence the decease of the writer resuscitates the reader and his thoughts. By making this Barthes is interrupting down the hegemony of the middle class author and hence the inalterable political orientation which is traveling on must be realised. In the same manner as Althusser, he argues that political orientation is ever present and one must non acquire off from it but allow it assist him or her create his ain readings. By canceling the writer the reader or the translator now, merely like the writer, has all the traditional properties of inauguration removed and is transformed in the impersonal pattern of reading. What he or she is reading can non no longer be called work but it becomes a text since the word work may bespeak the fitting of another individual in making it whilst the word text does non give a sense of individualism. 16 Althusser agrees with the thought of the decease of the writer by believing that the significance of a text is to be produced through a diagnostic analysis. The writer becomes a map of political orientation by interpellating the persons as topics. 17 Therefore one has to wholly deh umanize the text and turn it into something which involves no human attempt in making it, therefore unseen problematics . 18 Therefore theoreticians like Althusser and Barthes show how ideology affects the manner of how a text is read by the reader. Both theoreticians agree that political orientation can non be eliminated when reading a text since it is necessarily found in each person and for that ground it affects the manner literature is read otherwise by diverse individuals with different political orientations.

Mans Impact N the Environment

Chante Hamilton matureness matureness. What makes an individual mature? maturity comes with suppurate and time. It is the ability to make sagacious decisions. It is also the panache in which heap act toward different situations. Maturity displace be shown in the way organisms develop. Society claims that females mature smart than males, physically and emotionally. However this is not ineluctably true because eitherone enhances differently. Although callable date has overmuch to do with aging, it evict also be seen in the way animals and plants grow. well-nigh anyone can identify the difference surrounded by a mango seedling and a fully developed mangola .The contrast is obvious. A mango seedling is small, hard, bitter and green. On the new(prenominal) hand, a mangola is heavy(a) in size, bright yellow and exuberant due to its due date. This instantly brings to mind the pipeline of the word mature. The word is derived from the Latin term matur ar which means to rip en. We can also see maturity in animals. For example, a toad and a tadpole are whole different in structure. However, a tadpole changes into a toad due to metamorphosis. A tadpole is limited to unless(prenominal) a tale and a head and is incredibly. Whereas a toad in particular bulky and has webbed feed, jut out eyes and lacks a tale.Maturity is also shown in the way human beings grow as they age. In this case, some passel mature faster than others. The consistence of an adolescent female is far less developed than an pornographic female. A mature female has broad hips and large busts compared to younger females who lack much(prenominal) assets. Body maturity also applies to males. When a male is young his inviolate body has a young seem. His shoulders are not broad, his arms look a bit wimpy and he has little to no seventh cranial nerve hair. However, a grown male has nervus facialis hair, he is taller, his arms and his chest and shoulders are built. Recently Ive witne ssed effective how immature some great deal can get.Politicians of the PLP and FNM exposed each others personal life to the nation as if it were concerned anyone. They did this still to gain more votes. Anyone that can stoop this low has to be immature. To be immature is to be mentally primitive. It causes human beings to display a infantile attitude towards others. They should flummox play fair and worked in their constituencies to the outgo of their abilities. That would have been the mature thing to do. immatureness is also seen at its best in young children. For example, as a child I would throw the biggest of tantrums whenever I candy and no was the answer.I would cry, howler and throw things over until I trustworthy the fact that I however was not getting the candy. Now, as an adult I can envision the word no and move on because of the level of maturity Ive gained over the past few years. The best way to show maturity is to show our knowledge instead of transport childish acts to the table. Each and every one of us has the ability to do so if we would just rally before we act. We should also show discover for our peers and give help where it is due. Maturity is also shown through manners, courteousness and being graceful. every of these things are what makes an individual mature.Mans wallop N the EnvironmentChante Hamilton Maturity Maturity. What makes an individual mature? Maturity comes with age and time. It is the ability to make wise decisions. It is also the way in which people act toward different situations. Maturity can be shown in the way organisms develop. Society claims that females mature faster than males, physically and emotionally. However this is not necessarily true because everyone grows differently. Although maturity has much to do with aging, it can also be seen in the way animals and plants grow. Almost anyone can identify the difference between a mango seedling and a fully developed mangola .The contrast is obvious. A mango seedling is small, hard, bitter and green. On the other hand, a mangola is large in size, bright yellow and succulent due to its maturity. This instantly brings to mind the origin of the word mature. The word is derived from the Latin term maturare which means to ripen. We can also see maturity in animals. For example, a toad and a tadpole are completely different in structure. However, a tadpole changes into a toad due to metamorphosis. A tadpole is limited to only a tale and a head and is incredibly. Whereas a toad particularly bulky and has webbed feed, protruding eyes and lacks a tale.Maturity is also shown in the way human beings grow as they age. In this case, some people mature faster than others. The body of an adolescent female is far less developed than an adult female. A mature female has broad hips and large busts compared to younger females who lack such assets. Body maturity also applies to males. When a male is young his entire body has a young look. His shou lders are not broad, his arms look a bit wimpy and he has little to no facial hair. However, a grown male has facial hair, he is taller, his arms and his chest and shoulders are built. Recently Ive witnessed just how immature some people can get.Politicians of the PLP and FNM exposed each others personal life to the nation as if it were concerned anyone. They did this just to gain more votes. Anyone that can stoop this low has to be immature. To be immature is to be mentally primitive. It causes human beings to display a childish attitude towards others. They should have played fair and worked in their constituencies to the best of their abilities. That would have been the mature thing to do. Immaturity is also seen at its best in young children. For example, as a child I would throw the biggest of tantrums whenever I candy and no was the answer.I would cry, scream and throw things over until I accepted the fact that I just was not getting the candy. Now, as an adult I can hear the word no and move on because of the level of maturity Ive gained over the past few years. The best way to show maturity is to show our knowledge instead of bringing childish acts to the table. Each and every one of us has the ability to do so if we would just think before we act. We should also show respect for our peers and give help where it is due. Maturity is also shown through manners, courteousness and being graceful. All of these things are what makes an individual mature.

Influence of Religion on African Culture

Africa is a upright of diversity. In this diversity on that point are hundreds of tribes and communities each practicing its own agri finale and religion. It would be very difficult to countersink Africas traditional religion as it would be difficult to define its glossiness.More so, it is extremely difficult to establish the dividing dis natural c entirely overing betwixt Afri female genitals purification and Afri female genitalia devotion. However, as much as there were many a(prenominal) African traditional Religions, their similarities were more than dominant than their differences. We start up these similarities and encompass them as ane African Traditional Religion. In this report, we explore the measurable aspects of Africas Traditional Religions and enculturations that cut crosswise the perfect clean.This essay is base on various researches done by openhanded scholars, historical background of Africa, impudentlys and books relevant to African studies. This report attempts to define religion, finishing, and explores the major religions, African Traditional Religion (ATR), Christianity and Islam and their mold and impact on African culture. Africa is one of the Worlds six uprights. It is the countenance largest and second most populous continent after Asia. Other continents embroil Asia, America- northbound, America-South, Australia, Europe.Geologically, current Africa, occupying one- fifth of Earths land surface, is the central remnant of the ancient Confederate supercontinent called Gondwanaland, a landmass once made up of South America, Australia, Antarctica, India, and Africa. This massive supercontinent bust apart amongst 195 million and 135 million years ago, cleaved by the same geological forces that continue to transform Earths crust today. At nearly 30. 2 million km? (11. 7 million sqmi) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earths total surface area and 20. % of the total land area. With 1. 0 meg si ght (as of 2009) in 61 territories, it accounts for about 14. 72% of the worlds human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, two the Suez Canal and the departure Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent has 54 sovereign grounds, including Madagascar, various island groups, and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, a member state of the African Union whose statehood is dis fix uped by Morocco.Afri was the name of several Semitic bulks who dwelt in North Africa near Carthage (in modern Tunisia). Their name is usually affiliated with Phoenician afar, dust, precisely a 1981 hypothesis has asserted that it stems from a Berber word ifri or Ifran meaning nethermine, in reference to cave dwellers. Africa or Ifri or Afer is name of Banu Ifran from Algeria and Tripolitania (Berber Tribe of Yafran). Pre-colonial Africa possessed perhaps as many as 10,000 di fferent states and polities characterised by many different sorts of policy-making organisation and figure.These included small family groups of hunter-gatherers such as the San people of southern Africa larger, more structured groups such as the family clan groupings of the Bantu-speaking people of central and southern Africa, heavily structured clan groups in the schnozzle of Africa, the large Sahelian kingdoms, and autonomous city-states and kingdoms such as those of the Akan, Yoruba and Igbo people (to a fault misspelled as Ibo) in West Africa, and the Swahili coastal trading towns of East Africa.Religion originates from the Latin world religare (re back, and ligare to bind), and this brings up the world creation bound. faith is usually the bone marrow element of religion. conviction encompasses Value-center, trust, loyalty, and meaning. It is difficult to define religion.A good definition of religion is one that expounds on the following key traits Belief in something sa cred (for example, gods or former(a) supernatural beings), A trenchantion between sacred and appal objects, Ritual acts focused on sacred objects, A moral compute believed to have a sacred or supernatural basis, characteristically ghostlike feelings (awe, sense of mystery, sense of guilt, adoration), which tend to be aroused in the presence of sacred objects and during the employment of ritual, prayer and other forms of communication with the supernatural, world view, or a general picture of the world as a tout ensemble and the place of the individual therein. This picture contains some specification of an over-all purpose or point of the world and an indication of how the individual fits into it, a more or less total organization of ones life based on the world view, A social group bound in concert by the above. enculturation (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning to cultivate) is a frontier that has various meanings. For example, in 1952, Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn compiled a list of 164 definitions of culture in Culture A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions.However, the word culture is most commonly used in three basic senses Excellence of taste in the fine arts and humanities, also cognise as culture, An integrated designing of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon the capacity for symbolic thought and social training and the set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes an institution, organization or group. Culture has six core elements politics, economics, ethics, aesthetics, kinship and religion. And out of these, religion is by far the richest part of the African heritage. It shapes their cultures, their social life, their politics, and their economics and is at the same conviction shaped by this same way of life. Some of the major religions that cropd African culture African traditional religion, Christianity and Islam African Traditional ReligionIt is a uniqu e religion whose sources include sacred places and religious objects such as rocks, hills, mountains, trees, caves and other sanctified places rituals, ceremonies and festivals of the people art and symbols music and dance proverbs, riddles, and wise sayings and names of people and places. Beliefs cover topics such as God, spirits, birth, death, the hereafter, magic, and witchcraft. Religion, in the African indigenous context, permeates all departments of life. Africas traditional religion is based on the Ubuntu philosophy, which is a Zulu word for human-ness, and was essential over many centuries in traditional African culture. This culture was pre-literate, pre-scientific and pre-industrial. The purpose of Ubuntu was originally expressed in the songs and stories, the customs and the institutions of the people. Another distinctive feeling of the Ubuntu philosophy is the African idiom on consensus.Indeed, the African traditional culture has, seemingly, an almost infinite capaci ty for the pursuit of consensus and reconciliation. Democracy in the African way does not simply boil down to majority rule since it operates in the form of discussions geared towards a consensus. Christianity The Christian religion was founded in what is today Israel and Palestine 2000 years ago at the beginning of the gross Era. Christianity is based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, a Jewish teacher and prophet. Early Christians (following of Christ) believed that Jesus was divine in that he was the son of God. Islam Islam is a religion that was founded by Prophet Mohammed.It geographic origin can be traced to the modern-day Saudi Arabia. Influences of Religion on African Culture Religion being one of the core components of culture has a great mildew on culture. Every religion proficient in Africa today has had a profound effect on the African culture, be it the African Traditional Religion, Christianity or Islam. Christianity Influence on African Culture arrived in A frica in two groups. One substantial group was centered in Egypt and had influence byout North Africa. This group was known as the Gnostics. One of the other major factions of the early Christianity was centered in Rome. This faction was very much influenced by the teachings of the Apostle Paul.This faction became prominent in the fourth century C. E. when the roman print Empire officially became Christian. Recognizing the importance of a sacred text in solidifying their control over Christianity, the Roman faction brought together a collection of writings by early Christians and proclaimed these writings were godly by God and that they were the true testament of the life and teachings of Jesus. This collection is known as the New Testament and is a central part of the Christian Bible. However, in creating the New Testament the Roman faction rejected as heresy all other writings about Jesus life and teachings, including many books written by North African Gnostic ChristiansIn sp ite of the repression of the Gnostic Christians by Roman Christians, Christianity continued to flourish throughout North Africa until the stretch of Islam in the seventh century C. E. The Christians in this area were known as Coptic Christians, named after the main lyric of the area. By the time of the reach of Islam, the Coptic Orthodox Church had lost most of the Gnostic influence, although the Coptic faith, like the Gnostics placed a great deal of emphasis on contemplation and monasticism. In structure, it was similar to the Church of Rome in that it practised the same sacraments, and the church structure was made up of priests and bishops.Like the Roman Church, the Coptic Orthodox Church is headed by a Patriarch (similar to the pope in the Roman Church) who lives in Alexandria. Even after Egypt had been taken over by Arab Moslems, the Coptic Christians continued to form a small but important segment of Egyptian society. Indeed, Coptic Christians today comprise approximately 15 per cent of the Egyptian population. Christianity was introduced in Nubia by Christian monks and grapplers in the fifth and sixth centuries C. E. By the seventh century, the rulers of Nubia and most Nubians had converted to Christianity. In practice and structure, the Nubian church was similar to the Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt.In June, 18, 1452, Pope Nicholas V issued the papal bull Dum Diversas, granting King Alfonso V of Portugal the right to attack, conquer, and foreshorten Saracens, Pagans and other enemies of Christ wherever they may be found. It gave title over all lands and possessions seized and permitted the Lusitanian to take the inhabitants and consign them to perpetual break ones backry. Dum Diversas legitimised the colonial slave trade that begun around this time with the expeditions by Henry the navigator to attend a sea route to India, which were financed with African slaves. This approval of thralldom was reaffirmed and prolonged in his Romanus Ponti fex of 1455. The transatlantic trade in Africans was founded on Christianity.Religion was key in motivating Prince Henry of Portugal, later called Henry, the Navigator (1394-1460), to put in question Europes aggressive and ruthless expeditions to Africa. Henry was not only the governor of Algrave Province, who managed a large economic infrastructure based on the unbridled savvy of enormous wealth from trans-Saharan commerce, but he was also the administrator of the parliamentary law of Christ, the Portuguese successor to the Knights Templar, a famous Western military battle array founded in the aftermath of the First Crusade at Clermont on November 27, 1095. As one of the best fighting units, the Soldiers of Christ prompted a series of hit maritime exploits, ensuring the safety of Europeans who made pilgrimages to Jerusalem.It is important to note that during this historical period, the feudalistic states of European countries were just beginning to unite and major religious w ars were being fought between Christians and Moslems, especially the Moors in Morocco. Henry trained men to canvas tent from Portugal, down the west coast of Africa in search of the limits to the Muslim world, in enjoin to halt the Islamization of West Africa and to accelerate the spread of Christianity. In order to further Gods intentions for humankind, Ogbu Kalu contends that indoors the context of religious logic, papal bulls offered rights of patronage to Henry, authorizing him to shoot down clerical orders for evangelization and to fend off competing European inte eases.According to Peter Russell, Henry the Navigator considered spiritual rebirth and enslavement as interchangeable terms, experiencing no cognitive discrepancy in using Christianity as a civilizing agent for making converts into slaves. In Christianity Missionaries in Africa, Modupe Labode sums it up this way The case of the Portuguese exemplifies the close affinity between Crown and Church. In the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494), the pope recognized Portuguese claims to Africa. The Crown was also responsible for attempting to convert the indigenous people to Christianity. more than of the missionary effort over the next two and half centuries was conducted under Portuguese authority. The vast majority of the missionaries at this time were Roman Catholic priests, many of them belonged to religious orders such as the Jesuits, Capuchins, and Franciscans.Influence of Islam on African Culture led to the spread of Islam, from its heartland in the Middle East and North Africa to India and southeasterly Asia, revealed the power of the religion and its commercial and sometimes military attributes. The spread of Islam across much of the northern third of Africa produced profound effects on both those who converted and those who resisted the new faith. Islamization also served to link Muslim Africa even more closely to the outside world through trade, religion, and politics. Trade and long-distan ce commerce, in fact, was carried out in many parts of the continent and linked regions beyond the orbit of Muslim penetration.Until about 1450, however, Islam provided the major external contact between sub-Saharan Africa and the world. State building took place in many areas of the continent under a variety of conditions. West Africa, for example, experienced both the hea wherefore influence of Islam and its own internal dynamic of state building and elegance developments that produced, in some places, great artistic accomplishments. The embodyence of stateless societies and their fracture into states are a constant of African history even beyond 1500. As we have seen with Egypt, North Africa was also linked across the Sahara to the rest of Africa in many ways.With the rise of Islam, those ties became even closer. Between A. D. 640 and 700 the followers of Muhammad brush across North Africa from Suez to the Pillars of Hercules on Moroccos Atlantic shore. By A. D. 670 Muslims ru led Tunisia, or Ifriqiya, what the Romans had called Africa. (The Arabs originally used this word as the name for eastern North Africa and Maghrib for lands to the West. ) By 711, Arab and Berber armies had crossed into Spain. In opposition to the states dominated by the Arabic rulers, the peoples of the desert, the Berbers, formed states of their own at places such as Fez in Morocco and at Sijilimasa, the old city of the trans-Saharan caravan trade.By the 11th century, under oblige from new Muslim invaders from the East, a great puritanical reformist movement, whose followers were called the Almoravids, grew among the desert Berbers of the western Sahara. Launched on the course of a jihad, a holy war waged to purify, spread, or protect the faith, the Almoravids moved southward against the African kingdoms of the savanna and westward into Spain. Islam offered a return of attractions within Africa. Its fundamental teaching that all Muslims are equal within the community of believer s made the acceptance of conquerors and new rulers easier. The Moslem tradition of uniting the powers of the state and religion in the individual of the ruler or caliph appealed to some African kings as a way of reinforcing their authority.The concept that all members of the ummah, or community of believers, were equal put the newly converted Berbers and later Africans on an equal footing with the Arabs, at least in law. Despite these egalitarian and somewhat utopian ideas within Islam, practice differed considerably at local levels. Social stratification remained important in Islamicized societies and ethnic distinctions also divided the believers. The Muslim concept of a ruler who united civil and religious authority reinforced traditional ideas of kingship. It is also important to note that in Africa, as elsewhere in the world, the formation of states heightened social differences and made these societies more hierarchical.Africans had been enslaved by others before, and Nubian (African) slaves had been known in the classical world, but with the Muslim conquests of North Africa and commercial penetration to the south, thraldom became a more widely diffused phenomenon, and a slave trade in Africans developed on a new scale. In theory, durance was viewed by Muslims as a stage in the process of mutation a way of preparing pagans to become Muslims but in reality conversion did not guarantee freedom. Slaves in the Islamic world were used in a variety of occupations, such as domestic servants and laborers, but they were also used as soldiers and administrators who, having no local ties and affiliations, were considered to be dependent and and so trustworthy by their masters. Slaves were also used as eunuchs and concubines thus the emphasis on women and children.The trade caravans from the Sahel across the Sahara often transported slaves as well as gold. Other slave-trade routes developed from the African interior to the east African coast. The inclining for the children of slave frets to eventually be freed and integrated into Muslim society, while electropositive in one sense, also meant a constant demand for more slaves. Islam provided the residents of these towns a universal set of ethics and beliefs that made their maritime contacts easier but in East Africa, as in the savanna kingdoms of West Africa, Islamization was tiresome to penetrate among the general population, and when it did, the result was often a compromise between indigenous ways and the new faith.By the thirteenth century, a string of change trading ports sharing the common Bantu-based and Arabic-influenced Swahili language and other cultural traits although governed by separate Muslim ruling families had developed along the coast. Towns such as Mogadishu, Mombasa, Malindi, Kilwa, Pate, and Zanzibar eventually contained mosques, tombs, and palaces of cut stone and coral. Ivory, gold, iron, slaves, and exotic animals were exported from these ports in exchang e for silks from Persia and porcelain from chinaware for the ruling Muslim families. African culture remained strong throughout the area. Swahili language was essentially a Bantu language into which a large number of Arabic words were incorporated, though many of them were not incorporated until the sixteenth century.The language was written in an Arabic script sometime foregoing to the 13th century the ruling families could also converse in Arabic. Islam itself penetrated very little into the interior among the hunters, pastoralists, and farmers. Even the areas of the coast near the trading towns remained relatively unaffected. In the towns, the stone and coral buildings of the Muslim elite were surrounded by mud and thatch houses of the non-Muslim common people, so that Islamization was to some extent class-based. Still, a culture developed that fused Islamic and traditional elements. Family lineage, for example, was traced both through the maternal line, which controlled prope rty (the traditioral African practice), and through the paternal line, as was the Muslim custom.The enduring legacy of the influence of religion on African culture led to majority of Africans profess either Christian or Islamic faith. Considering that there lie a thin veneer between culture and religion, it is imperative that these two religions have fundamentally altered the African culture, if there exist any. These religions spread into Africa aboard various vehicles, including slavery, colonialism, trade, education, among others. These religions forceful a ruler-ship founded on a hierarchy focused on one centre of power, the violet dictatorship. This was contrary to African culture that was less hierarchical and more collegiate, that emphasized on dialogue and consensus. It is this imperialist hierarchical structure that still causes topsy-turvyness in Africa today.To a large extend most Africans remain colonized, whether politically, economically, religiously, culturally, sp iritually or otherwise. A society that is still colonized is not a free society, it is a society wallowing deeply in the swampy marshes of slavery. Africa, the mother of humanity, as it stands now is one whose veil of religion and garment of culture has been torn. It is a mother whose dignity has been raped, and its young children defiled by the quondam(a) siblings who came back from their adventures abroad. One most fundamental question would be Is colonialism and slavery a just price that Africans have to pay eternally for the recompense of education and trade? Whichever way the answer comes to be, Africa needs restoration.Restoration is only likely if Africans can wake up to spiritual reality and eschew the bondage of foreign religion consumed by it from its renegade sons and daughters. The turning point can only be achieved if Africans realize that religion and spirituality are distinct that spirituality possessed by a religious person can never be fresh and neither can reli gion exist in a pure spirituality. Africa must free itself from this intoxicating habituation to foreign religion, and for that matter, any religion for it to be truly free. CONCLUSION. In conclusion, a keen oversee at history slowly shows us more cleary the influence of religion on African culture.The change due to the influence may not have taken place there and then but took time spreading its roots and slowly merging with the native Australian culture and in some other instances completely eroding it. ripe like how Christianity was introduced to Africa, the natives did not completely embrace it just like that, they took their preciously time and in present day Africa, it is still being practiced and no one can pin point the exact time when Christianity was completely taken in by the natives of the past. These different religions which were introduced to African culture or way of life made other cultures to take a complete turnaround from their practices and events.

British Culture Chaoxiaoqian

My questions are Why does Helena stay with esteem and give jimmy, why does Alison come back to value. These are very tricky questions alike(p) twisted twines. Here I just air my views, expecting to be complemented by yours. The reasons for Helena staying with treasure might be probed from the followingSuperficially looking, esteem is a person basically worth while. esteem is a youngish man with education, ideas and penetrating insights. Alison breaking through her familys strong obstacles to marry respect from side reflects appreciates charms and attractions. Jimmy seems a natural desire and magnet for women if his confinement background?poverty and walled locatings are ignored for the moment. As Helena express she took Jimmy to herself because she come ons that she desires him and wants to have him for a time.It is an outburst of impulse catalyzed by special occasions. At that time, without digs, Helena had an appointment on the next daytime and had to lodge in Jimmys attic Jimmy is therefore immersed in mishap without comfort while Allison and Cliff left him successively. Witnessing Jimmys bitterness and helplessness, out of her feminine compassionate nature, Helena offered Jimmy her hand and herself as well. For solace and release, Jimmy dramatically accepted his natural enemy. Thus the two naturally and somewhat moved together.Exploring the in-depth reason, Helenas staying with Jimmy might be considered as a repugn she made for herself driven by her instincts of curiosity and conquest. Helena wanted to leave out why the seemingly compatible couple al expressions hostility and torture each former(a), why Jimmy is always angry? dissatisfy and cynical,always trying hard to be offensive, provocative, irritating. Determined by her inborn peremptory personality and her middle-class inclination to sustain the status quo,she takes Jimmy as a challenge and an attempt, an enemy territory to conquer, to justify her middle-class convictions and c onsciousness. She expects Jimmy to be revisiond, back into normal, behaving like anyone else and taking reality like a real man.Naive?romantic and over-confident as Helena is, she fails to change Jimmy. conversely and ironically, she was within an inch of being changed. Helena was inevitably to lose the fight because Jimmys anger was socially deep-rooted. He had the complex of inferiority and superiority. He showed despite for uneducated Cliff, irony for educated Alison. He was well educated, but his situation was no better than the two he looked down upon. It was an affliction and irony to him. He lived at the sea of isolation?desperation and inarticulate agony. Without being heard or understood. He found no target to attack, because everything became his target. Jimmy was a man born out of his time. To change Jimmy Helena should change the times first. It is difficult and impossible for Helena to change the time, and so with Jimmy. To bridge the systematic and fathomless clas s and value gap was never a easy task and doomed to be futile and fruitless.Jimmy and Helenas combination was the effect of passionate impulse. It was a kind of insanity or wrong-doings as Helena herself later commented. Once waken up from the dream, the devastation of their relation was approaching. Helena was a womanhood of conventionality by nature, she couldnt close up the book of rules anytime. She still believed in right and wrong Gnawed by the twist of conscience and sense of guilt, she cant be apt without the book of rules, she cant be happy when what youre doing is wrong, or is hurting someone else.Moreover she wooly the state of war waged against changing Jimmy, the war to restore everything into normal. Unless Jimmy and Helena dont confront with each other face to face, or they will certainly fall into the state of war, the war of ideas, class, values, social reality. There was no middle road to compromise. Helenas exeuntting also meant she lost the war against co nventionality, against status quo. Her story is much than a morality one, it barely proved every desire or attempt to change the smothering and inanimate society over-confident and all for naught. Everyone would inevitably subordinate himself to conventionality.My understanding of Alisons effect is explained as suchAlison might feel regret about her retiring(a) behaviors. Though she is the seeming victim of Jimmys irrational assault, she knows that Jimmy has reason to do so on her. After her abortion, something dormant was aroused from the bottom of her feeling and she came back to Jimmy, though shilly-shally. As a young woman, she is a depositary of non-attachment. She hasnt had a thought for years She is a woman in her 20s without enthusiasm, support and sincerity. Nothing Jimmy could do would provoke her. Her marriage with Jimmy was a kind of physical and responsive affinity rather than mental and weird one. She was nicknamed as Lady Pusillanimous by Jimmy.Moreover, as a middle-class woman by nature, she kept her arrogant and uppish manner in communication with the working-class people which was especially exposed when she wrote letter to her mother, discussed Jimmy with her sire and Helena, refused to see the dying Mrs. Hugh with Jimmy. She had the sense of inborn class superiority which is a fatal and permanent weapon to sensitive Jimmy. She did betray Jimmy in a sense. In a word, she has never given herself to her husband with the ingenuousness which she knew he demanded and needed. Actually, she knew she should shoulder some responsibility for Jimmys anger and offered Jimmy more understanding and communication. The problem of their marriage was not sheer Jimmys fault.Alison left Jimmy in by-line of peace and relaxation. Tortured by Jimmys distorted devotion and loyalty demands for her, Alison wanted to escape from the role of security and the war Jimmy declared on those sections of society. But Alison never succeeded in escape. Things didn t go in the way as she expected.Alisons coming back could be interpreted as a subjugation to conventionality?reality and failure of Ostrichism. Alison is slowly to get used to everything and she is also on the verge of burst. Tortured by Jimmys distorted allegiance and loyalty demands for her, Alison wanted to escape from the role of hostage and the war Jimmy declared on those sections of society. She leaves Jimmy, in pursuit of peace and relaxation. But Alison never succeeded in escape. Things didnt go in the way as she expected.Her abortion brings her shock and disillusionment, awakening something dormant in her heart. She then clearly sees a depressing?aimless?hopeless and futureless reality, without demoralize and outlet. By then she understood Jimmys anger and discontent to some extent. Without a bright future, Alison had to revert to the past, though vague, remote and suspended it is. She wanted to find herself a position in the conventional and accustomed role of wife. The sharp-worded past seems a more lovely memento In comparing with the suffocating and smoldering reality.Finally Alison and Jimmy decide to pick up the bear-squirrel game. It is a seeming communiqu by Alison and Jimmy, protesting the reality and fighting against the cruel brand name traps, lying about everywhere, just waiting for rather mad, slightly satanic, and very timid little animals. This could be regarded as a faint beat of hope offered by the protagonists who had a in-depth perception and understanding of life.

Why did war break out in Europe in 1939?

When Hitler came to male monarch in Germany in 1933 he promised to reverse the treaty of Versailles, handle many Germans Hitler believed that the accord of Versailles was unjust and blamed Germanys problems on the peace resolve. He similarly hate it so much he cal take the German take aimers who sign(a) it The November criminals this shows his hatred to fightf areds the treaty, fork everyplaced this wasnt the further rationality why he dislike the treaty so much, the treaty was a constant symmetricalness to Germans of their loss in First initiation War and the treaty was in any case a figure of Germanys defeat and disgrace that came with it, it abject the Germany.Hitler thought it would be necessary to destroy the Treaty of Versailles in order to further his acquires, withal when Hitler came to powerfulness, reparations had been reduced and eventu acquaintance stubcelled in 1932 but most of the points were bland in place.Hitlers aims were to change the territo rial settlement of Treaty of Versailles by regaining lands which had been taken from Germany at Versailles, including the Saar and Danzig and flummox the seven million communicatory people in Austria, and the four million in Czechoslovakia and Poland, into his empire this again involved destroying the peace settlement of 1919. He too postulates to build up his army to prove Germany was still the Great power and to expand in east, probably against communist USSR- Hitler hated Communist. This aim was probably intended for succeeding(a) confirmed as the greatest power in Europe. The first format of Germans struggle would be to strengthen its lands in Europe. He couldnt do it alone Hitler matte the main enemies will be France and USSR, so his aim was to entrance friendship with Italy and Britain against them.In the thirty-something in that respect were devil incidents that authentically tested the fusion of Nations.The Manchurian Crisis was caused when Japan had been diss atisfied with the peace settlement at the end of the First World War, Many thought the cause would be the expansion of Japan into Manchuria this would make room for growing people and markets for Nipponese good. In September 1931 the Nipponese claimed that there had been an explosion on railway line at Mukden, which they said was sabotage by the Chinese, there was no certainty that there had been an explosion but this gave an excuse for the Japanese army to invade.The Japanese army quickly defeated the Chinese at Mukden, they hadnt got permission from the g all overnment but success was so customary in Japan that army was now in control of Japanese constitution. China claimed Japan had committed an act of aggression, Japan claimed that it had gone into Manchuria to doctor order in the end Japan had done wrong but it had already reorganised Manchuria and called it Manchukuo, and Japan walk out the League.The Abyssinian Crisis was caused when Italy launch an ack-ack gun on Aby ssinia , it was one of few places Africa which had not been taken by the European countries and it was easy to attack because it was next to Italian colonies of Eritrea and Somaliland . The Italians had tried to do this in 1896 but had been defeated at the battle of Adowa Mussolini plotted gain retaliation for this defeat and wants to benefit the Italian economy. Italy, like Japan in 1931, was in permanent member of council of the League. The Manchurian Crisis had given Mussolini the impression that the union would not resist an act of aggression by a major power.In these sources you can see the League of Nations non-action in Abyssinian Crisis and Manchurian Crisis showed different nations like Germany that the League are powerless and irrelevant, giving Hitler the impression that he can do what he wants because the league didnt do anything with the other Crisiss.In 1936 Hitler began his policy of reclaiming scattered German territory and Neville Chamberlain who become prime m inister of religion in 1937, he believed in taking an active role in solving Hitlers grievances , he felt that Germans had good reasons to be stir up at many of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles . What he wanted to do was to find what Hitler want and show him that reasonable claims could be met by duologue instead of by force, so this way the problems of treaty could be solved, Germany could be satisfied and there would be no contend, so he do an appeasement and Hitler could pull what he wants, little did Chamberlain know of the pretends of appeasement.After 1937 Frances back up appeasement because of the increased of security it had with the building of the Maginot line and Britain already concur because they didnt want a struggle and they felt sorry for Germany because of the treaty. Hitler got what he wants with the appeasement.In 1939 Hitler made an agreement with Stalin called the Nazi-Soviet pact, the pact was strange because Fascism and communism were sworn enemi es and Hitler never hidden his opposition to communism as expressed in Mein the Kampf.The Nazi-Soviet pact went against the Anti-Comintern pact that Hitler signed with Italy and Japan in 1937, which was in hostile to communism. In the pact the USSR and Germany agreed not interfere against other power in event of war, secret clauses set out Poland between them, the USSR took the land it lost at the end of First World War and Germany receiving the west of Poland including Danzig and the smooth Corridor. This pact benefited both Hitler and Stalin because it meant that Hitler attack on Poland was inevitable and he was prevented two danger of wars on two fronts and in the end they both got bits of Poland.When Hitler invaded Poland in 1939, Britain and France keep their pledge and on 2 September they tell war on Germany , much to Hitlers surprise, Britain warned him that it would join the war if Germany invade Poland . in that location WAS NO HOPE OF OTHER Munich. Hitler had gone too far. The collapse of Czechoslovakia in March 1939 proved to be last straw for the appeasers. Public suasion in Britains was in favour of opposing Hitler. On 1 septemberb1939 German host invade Poland. On 3 September Britain declared war on Germany. So thats how invasion of Poland led to war in Europe, Hitler went too far and Britain was not just going to consume.Although it was Hitlers actions which led to war, many other factors were important in make the war happen like the way the League of Nations handled the Manchurian Crisis and Abyssinian Crisis, it gave a green light to dictators and other land which were trying to bend the rules which the league had set. Hitler took advantage of Crisiss to put his plans forward to reversed the treaty of Versailles and to get Germany out of there depression, make Germans proud again and make there empire powerful again.There were many other factors that led to war like great depression , it hit USA first and luck like shockwave a cro ss the world and it was a vicious circle because none of the country could afford to paid its loan or to traded, so no money was coming in and no one was get paid and there was no money and the people suffered, they just want a way out and Hitler saw a way to get his people out of this by acquiring out of treaty and getting back his land and others that wasnt his in first place and by doing this he caused what we know as the second world war.There are hundreds of reason that led towards the war and some are just the time but most are the fault of Hitler and his malicious planning , he saw an opportunity and he took it , causing country to turn against country ,friends against friends, father against sons ., causing a war we still sucknt recover from emotionally may never do so wherefore Did War Break Out in Europe in 1939When Hitler came to power in Germany in 1933 he had a lot of frustration against the Treaty which he thought was unfair. For example the enormous amount of repar ation, it literally got Germany bankrupt. The confinement of army had also caused a lot of anger Hitler and the Germans felt humiliated as the army used to be Germanys pride and symbol before the First World War. Moreover, Germany was not allowed self-determination and joining of the League of Nations. These further made the Germans feel humiliated and dishonoured.The loss of colonies and territories had not and made Germany lost human resources, they were also important industrial areas which provide resources and markets. Therefore when Hitler came to power in 1933, he pledged that he would nullify the treaty to recover the Germany economy brings back Germans pride. Hitler also felt a strong necessity of increasing German territory, which came from the root word of Lebensraum, a German word for living space. His aimed was clearly to bring Germany back to where it was before the war, a proud and strong nation.In the 1930s there were two incidents that really tested the League of Nations they were the invasion of Manchuria and the Abyssinia crisis. During the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, the league had done a bad job by delaying to solve their own local problems- it took them a year to produce a report to condemn the Japanese in1933 (when Hitler came to power). However, Japan intended to invade more than of China to defend their selves, thus the powerless League voted to approve it when only Japanese voted against as an insult.Witnessing the incident, Hitler could be almost certain that League was too useless and weak to stop his future actions. In 1936 he took a huge risk by sending German troops to militarize Rhineland however he was confident due to the incident happened in Manchuria, as well as the Abyssinian crisis which was happening at the exact same time. The league was too weak by then as they were distracted by the Abyssinian crisis they only condemned Hitlers action but had no power to do anything else. Thus Hitler won the remilitarisation of Rhineland as well as a huge gain in government agency.In 1936 Hitler began his policy of reclaiming lost German territory. He wanted an Anschluss with Austria, that is to bring the two nations together even though they were banned to ally under the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler started to manipulate the Nazis to stir up trouble, to call for democratic plebiscite and eventually he sent his own troops into Austria to defend democracy, when the real intention was probably to make certain(a) people vote for Anschluss under the watchful eyes of the army. British anthesis Minister, Chamberlin, had also supported the idea of uniting Austrian with the Germans.Britain and France had both followed the policy of Appeasement in the 1930s. Britains leaders may have felt they had no option but to appease Hitler, even when there were self-explanatory risks to such a policy such as it would encourage Hitler to be aggressive, allowed Germany to grow too strong, etc. France was invaded by Germa ny a several multiplication and thus feeling a need to make peace. However, the main reason could be that they felt too vulnerable to go on war that they were perhaps in denial of Hitlers potential and danger with or without their own acknowledgement.In 1938, Hitler had successfully took over Sudetenland very much due to the leaders of Britain and Frances naivety of trusting Hitler as well as their hesitance to go on war to stop Hitlers action. In 1939 Hitler made an agreement with Stalin not to attack one another. They signed the Nazi-Soviet covenant and announced the terms to the world. While privately they also agreed to divide Poland between them. Stalin was very worried as Hitler had openly stated his delight in conquering the Russian land.He signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact because he was not convinced that Britain and France would be strong and reliable enough as allies against Hitler. Another advantage was that he had planned to take over the Baltic states of eastern Poland, w hich had been part of Russia in the Tsars day. Although he did not believe Hitler would keep his word anymore, but he hoped the confederacy with Germany could buy him time to build up his forces against the attack he knew would come. To Hitlers advantage, he saw Russia as a good geographical ally in a sense hat he would have helpers up in the north if a war breaks out in the west. Hitler and the Soviet forces invaded Poland in 1939 one right after another. Poland was soon taken over by the two nations. However, it was not satisfying for Hitler, he demanded even more. He was certain that Britain and France would be weak as they always had been and would not risk going on war over Poland, and thus he planned an attack on his temporary ally, the USSR. However, this time the Britain and France kept their pledge and stood up for France, declaring a war against Germany.Hitler was caught by surprise, the war broke out earlier than he had expected and it was against the wrong opponents. H itler would have never predicted that the invasion of Poland would lead to war in Europe and eventually turned into a World War again. Despite the fact that it was Hitlers actions which led to war, many other factors were important in making the war happen. As I have mentioned it was the Leagues incapability in settling peace that had led to frustration of the Germans to tear up the treaty.It was Britain and Frances impuissance that had gained Hitlers confidence and encouraged him to gamble more the next time. It was the various countries fear and reluctance to go on war to stop Hitler that had allowed him to take a large step each time. After all, Hitler was just taking advantage in every situation before the war and was responding to peoples weakness and naivety by demanding for more. When Britain and France finally stood up to declare war on Germany, Hitler was already stronger than before and it in the end it turned out to be another World War.

Pup 301

Parul Singh PUP 301 fifth February 2013 Putting parkland modalitys in My life The article Putting Green vogues First duologue ab step up how cities in America ar trying to Go Green by investing in more lay, the planting of trees, and creating overall verdancy neighborhoods and streets. These will encourage citizens to spend more time exercising away of doors rather than being cooped up inside in front of their television. In the 21st century, a lap of land is cut down and build on to serve as neighborhoods, shopping malls, government buildings and grocery stores as urbanization occurs due to high pressure of immigrants and existence increase every class.These cities, such as Mumbai, often pay off microscopical trees due to jumbo population and no land to support the population. Though urban planners and locals resembling have become more aware of the purlieual issues affecting globular warming, thither has been a steady rise in different approaches to bring cities b eautiful, healthy and better places to live in. The term Green flair comes to mind, as it is atomic get 53 of the first steps to making a city more environmentally friendly. Greenways are prosaic streets care sidewalks, but instead of it being notwithstanding concrete in that location is a high emphasis on vegetation.This creates both(prenominal) a visually attractive and comfort fitted setting for people to make merry taking walks in contrast to taking the car. As the article suggests, low-density(predicate) suburban sprawl may directly influence obesity grade in cities. Encouraging citizens to walk to school or use their wheel by creating an attractive and pleasant environment may be unmatched of the many solutions to lower obesity rates. As we see more increase in our life, we rear argue that the environment becomes more contaminated.There are nigh 20 billion tons of CO2 and other poisonous gases, same methane gas, that are absorbed by the atmosphere every year. T his poisonous environment kills more or less 14 thousand people all over the world, for model if exposed to methane gas, it causes dizziness, headache and nausea. This confirms that to achieve a healthy lifestyle at which people are not only wealthy but similarly healthy and safe, we drive to find ways to protect our environment. Building a thousand city is thus a very sustainable strategy. I was born in India (Pune) and lived in Thailand (Bangkok) for all my life.These are developing equatorial countries where a lot of people live in the cities. So alimentation in the cities of India and Thailand, I have always felt like there is not much greenery and the pollution in these cities is high. And every year whenever I go back to Pune, I always see there are more and more buildings the land that is in the processes of being cleared. These cities are not growing sustainably or in a green way because India for example, has to put currency in education, health care, and other thin g in order to decrease the increasing population.America, on other hand prioritizes green way because they have already put a lot of case and money on building schools and hospitals for its citizens. The issue in Phoenix and in Bangkok is that both places are hot. There are less exterior flushts because of the heat. For example, people prefer playing tennis indoors than outdoors during summers, because they need to take extra precautions like putting sunscreen on their trunk to protect themselves from sun burns or carry extra wet to keep themselves from getting dehydrated.In Bangkok, it is so humid that when you go outside for atomic number 23 minutes, people always take a shower. It is very time eat to live in a place as hot as Bangkok or Phoenix because as it is really hot, people lavishness their time taking a shower twice or even three times a day, and this in turn wastes a lot of water. I went to Beijing, China in 2010, and I was shocked to see how healthy planned the city was despite the fact that it was still a developing city, with high population and very bad pollution. Approximately, Beijing city has around 40,000 trees.The trees are planted along the road and there is a pedestrian road, beside which goes into small green parks. The trees that are planted are all the corresponding size, and during winter, the polythene shreds are wrapped around and thick ropes around the sheet protect the bark of the trees. I thought that it was a great way of making a city green, given the thought that it is not technically green because of the pollution. After reading the article, I thought that the ideas and examples given by Arendt in the article are solely based on America.Most Ameri fecal matter cities, compared to cities in developing countries, have a lower population per mile. plurality here like to settle in the suburbs of the city because they have big houses, more space where they can have their own gardens, which is a steady-going idea cons idering the downtown of the city is noisier, polluted and has little vegetation. The article gave out a lot of examples of American cities where the planners are making areas of green parks, so people can spend quality time outdoors.They are to a fault making public transports better, so people walk to the nearest drive station or bus station. They have a lot of parks with walkways, where people can spend somewhat time walking or jogging. This will make them fit and healthy. There are ideas like car-pooling, which is when cardinal or more people share the same car to mother at the same destination, so more than one person can travel in a car. It is seen as a sustainable way to travel, reducing century emissions and hence reducing peoples light speed footprint.In conclusion, I realized that the whole concept of greenways might be able to work in some cities, which are in Colorado or Florida, because of the climatic conditions, space to build parks and less population. But it wou ld not work in developing countries because there is a lot of population ratio to little space. But measures can still be taken to create a more environmentally friendly atmosphere, for example some companies in London are making their buildings hood top green by planting trees in order to have a green and sustainable environment, in order to decrease the carbon footprint.In some countries, the government does not think of environment as their number one priority, mainly because they do not have enough money to reinforce ideas such as greenways. On the other hand, in cities like Phoenix, we are able to plant more trees and build parks which can provide a lot of shade and have a little sprinkling water which can make people come out of their houses more often. Greenways give sustainable solutions to various cities with climatic traits.

An Analysis of Jonathan Swift’s “A Modest Proposal” Essay

ridicule as a form of discursive practice may be properly understood if it is contextualized at heart a circumstance culture, institution, attitude, or belief. It is only by placing the satire within a particular shot as presented by the elements mentioned above that a satire will garner the non-linguistic components covering the preceding(prenominal) preconditions necessary for the construction of satirical discourse (Simpson 70). An example of the satire as a form of discursive practice is unequivocal, for example, in Jonathan Swifts A Modest project.In the said(prenominal) work, Swift presents a situation wherein the persona of his text urges the population on acts of cannibalism in put together to lessen the problems caused by Irish overpopulation. The persona starts his proposal with an initial rendering of his surroundings. He notes, It is a melancholy object to those who walk through this spacious townwhen they see the streetscrowded with beggers of the female sex, followed by three, four, or sixer children, all in rags, and importuning every passenger for alms (Swift 52).It is important to note that such(prenominal) a description is characterized by the personas detachment towards his surroundings. stemma for example, the manner in which a two senses of the concept object is used. The aforementioned passage thereby portrays not only the personas quarry appraisal of his surroundings but also the personas objectification of the individuals encompassed within that area.Such an objectification is further evident in the following passage nearly persons of a desponding spirit are in great concern virtually the vast number of poor people, who are aged, diseased, or maimed scarce I am not in the least pained just about that matter, because it is very headspring known that they are everyday dying, rotting, by cold, and famine, and filth, and vermin, as fast as can be reasonably expected. (Swift 56)The personas use of the two senses of object, in this sense, may be understood as a manner in which Swift portrays the irony evident in the context of the text. The irony is evident if one conceives of A Modest Proposal as a text which presents a delimited view of the human being. As opposed to a satires ironic presentation of a particular situation in fact an ironic portrayal of a particular mindset, caprice, on the other hand, portrays the manner in which worldly interests are prone more credence as opposed to lofty ideals.An example of this is evident in Samuel Becketts writings wherein Beckett focuses the text to the importance of existence as well as the importance of the meaning of existence in relation to the ordinary objects. As opposed to a satire which might present a categoric ethnocentric perspective regarding racial discrimination, the emphasis on modern humor would be on the problematic construction of such concepts that enable racial discrimination to exist e. g. opposition of black and white.In line with thi s, Colebrook notes, both irony and humor play off the gap between concepts and world (241). The difference, however, lies in the difference of presentation noted above.Works CitedColebrook, Claire. Irony in the Works of Philosophy. Nebraska U of Nebraska P, 2003. Simpson, Paul. On the Discourse of Satire Towards a Stylistic Model of Satirical Humor. Philadelphia John Benjamins, 2003. Swift, Jonathan. A Modest Proposal. A Modest Proposal and Other Satirical Works. untried York Dover, 1996.

Comparing Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther King on Unjust Laws Essay

In todays society, it is often unclear where to draw the line between good morals and effective governwork forcet. It is for this reason that worldly c erstwhilerny times, jurisprudences that are enacted for the good of the people kitty be in direct conflict with a souls scruples. Due to the various struggles that the United States has faced in building a govern manpowert, this topic has been a popular discussion throughout American literature. Although they did non live during the same time, American writers Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther faggot, junior ach wrote about how a person should not follow laws that they count to be immoral.Thoreaus chief(prenominal) concern pertained to the legal existence of slaves and slave-owners, and a century later, King r out against legal segregation in the South. In his Letter from Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King, Jr. shares the same attitude with Henry David Thoreaus work, Civil Disobedience concerning practiced and unjust laws however, they each had different means of executing their beliefs. Both men agree that if a law is unjust, it is ones duty to pick up that law, and do instead what they believe to be right.Thoreau considers that when unjust laws exist, a person has three choices of action obey them, obey them while working to remove them, or transgress them at once. He proposes, It is not a mans dutyto devote himself to the eradication ofeven the most rattling(a) wrong but it is his duty, at least, to wash his hands of it, andnot to bedevil it practically his support. (Thoreau 4). Thoreau also ponders whether it is better to decide what is right and wrong by ones own moral sense. He declares, It is not desirable to groom a respect for the law, so much as for the right.The just contract which I have a right to assume, is to do at whatever time what I think right. (Thoreau 1). King, who was a devout clergyman, places ones moral obligations under the eyes of God. He defines a just law a s a man-made code that squares with thelaw of God. (King 177). King and Thoreau believe that the act of going against the law should be done in a passive manner. King explains, Nonviolent direct action seeks to create much(prenominal) a crisis and foster such a tension that a federation which has constantly refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue. (175).These writers also coincide that once someone has broken a law, he or she must be entrusting to accept the consequences, including the possible penalty of imprisonment. In fact, both(prenominal) men spent time in prison for their acts of civil disobedience. Thoreau was sent to put aside after six years of refusing to pay his taxes, due to his opposition to both the Mexican-American War and slavery in America. King was sent to jail for jumper cable several peaceful protests, including a boycott. However, King was imprisoned for much drawn-out than Thoreau, who only spent one day in prison, but was unwillingly ba iled out by his aunt.In fact, it was from jail that King wrote his letter, in an grounds to defend his actions in Birmingham, which he believed to be completely necessary and excusable actions of protest. Both Thoreau and King felt that by going to prison, and bearing with the consequences of their actions, they were circle and therefore strengthening their protests. Thoreau and King were also of the same mind that a law must be value regardless of whether it is just or unjust. King fears that anarchy will result if laws are not respected Thoreau describes that rebellion will be the consequence if laws are not precondition respect.King declares, An individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and willingly accepts the penalty by staying in jail in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the very highest respect for the law. (King 179). King states his position as one that disagrees with a law, and theref ore goes against it in an endeavour to change it with respect to the politics. Both writers agree that getting rid of the government is not the goal, but rather to change its ways.Thoreau articulates, to speak practically and as a citizenI ask for, not at once no government, but at once a better government. Let all man make known what kind of government would command his respect, and that will be one step toward obtaining it. (Thoreau 1). Exercising passive resistance is the land of the title of Thoreaus work, and King presents several examples of civil disobedience in his letter, such as the Boston Tea Party. King himself not only exercises passive resistance, but he provides the procedure to be followed for whatever peaceful campaign.With the exception of Kings added religious beliefs, Henry David Thoreau and Martin Luther King, Jr. shared the same ideas concerning civil disobedience and the ways in which one should deal with just and unjust laws, although they demonstrate d their viewpoints in different ways. Both of these writers believed that any law that was in conflict with a persons conscience should be respected, but still challenged in a passive manner. To elevate this belief, both Thoreau and King practiced it themselves.